A1 Mini + AMS Lite bed levelling failures caused by short (white) Bowden tubes

Here’s a problem I found that my mini had and the problem and solution to fixing it. It’s A.I. written being as I had a chat with chatgtp about after I solved it and it recommended that I post this issue so I asked it to write up this post. If you don’t like AI posts, that’s fine, but here’s a problem and the solution.

I wanted to document an issue I ran into with a recently purchased A1 Mini + AMS Lite, because it took a lot of observation to diagnose and I suspect others may be hitting the same problem without realising why.

This is not a calibration or firmware issue — it’s a mechanical interaction problem.

Background / context

I own multiple A1 Minis (four total), three of which are paired with AMS Lite units.

  • Two older A1 Minis came with longer grey Bowden tubes

  • A newer A1 Mini (purchased recently – last few months) came with shorter white Bowden tubes

  • Visually, the white tubes look neater and more compact

However, this newer machine was the only one that consistently failed bed levelling.

Symptoms

  • Bed levelling would fail repeatedly

  • Failure only occurred on the far left side of the bed (X-min)

  • The printer would:

    • Sit there hopping up and down

    • Retry probing multiple times

    • Eventually throw a bed levelling / probing error

  • Bed levelling worked fine everywhere else

  • Prints were otherwise normal if levelling succeeded

At first glance, it looked like:

  • A bad bed

  • A Z issue

  • Or a probing sensor problem

But none of those were actually the cause.

Key observation (this took time to notice)

I sat and watched bed levelling run 20–30 times.

What finally clicked was this:

When the toolhead moved all the way to the far left, the short Bowden tubes were pulled tight because the AMS Lite was mounted on the right side of the printer.

At that point:

  • The Bowden tubes were under tension

  • That tension was pulling the toolhead slightly to the right

  • This only happened at maximum left X travel

To test this:

  • While the printer was “stuck” hopping during probing

  • I physically slid the AMS Lite slightly left

  • Bed levelling immediately continued and completed successfully

That confirmed the Bowden tubes were involved.

Root cause (technical explanation)

The A1 Mini uses force-based nozzle probing for bed levelling.

That system assumes:

  • The toolhead is force-neutral in X and Y

  • The only force detected during probing is vertical Z contact

With the short white Bowden tubes:

  • At far left X position:

    • The tubes straighten

    • Elastic tension increases

    • A lateral force is applied to the toolhead

  • That lateral force:

    • Biases the load cell

    • Reduces or distorts the vertical force signal

    • Causes the firmware to retry probing endlessly

From the printer’s perspective, it looks like:

  • Inconsistent Z contact

  • Sensor noise

  • Or mechanical instability

In reality, it’s Bowden-induced side load.

Why this only affects some setups

This problem depends on several things lining up:

  • Shortened Bowden tubes (white version)

  • AMS Lite mounted on the right side

  • Full X-min probing location

  • Force-based bed levelling

If the AMS is very close to the printer, or mounted differently, the issue may never appear — which is probably why this isn’t widely reported.

The fix (permanent)

I replaced the short white Bowden tubes with longer Bowden tubes, matching the length used on my older A1 Minis.

  • Same routing

  • Same AMS position

  • Only difference: extra length / compliance

Result:

  • Bed levelling has been 100% reliable

  • No probing failures

  • No hopping at X-min

  • Issue has never returned

Yes, the longer tubes look a bit less “tidy” — but functionally they are far more forgiving.

Takeaway

If you have:

  • A newer A1 Mini

  • White, shorter Bowden tubes

  • AMS Lite mounted on the right

  • Bed levelling failures specifically on the left side

Check Bowden tube tension at full left X travel.

Anything that applies lateral force to the toolhead during force probing will corrupt Z measurements.

Hopefully this saves someone else a lot of head-scratching and repeated failed levelling cycles.

If others can confirm tube length differences or similar behaviour, it would be useful to compare notes.

1 Like

Another clue was that whenever levelling did succeed, the resulting first layer was always perfect, which ruled out the bed, Z axis, and probe accuracy as root causes. That pointed to an external, position-dependent interference occurring only during probing.

TLDR: The tubes were too short and/or the AMS was positioned too far to the right. It is, of course, important to set up the long and short tubes as specified in the instructions. Also use the recommended distance of 50mm.

  • I hope I have summarized that correctly? :grin: :+1:

Just measured, A1 Mini + AMS - delivered separately, not combo - device from May 2025 -(please note the edit!)

  • The long ones 85 - 86 cm (green in the operating manual)
  • The short ones 75 - 76 cm (yellow in the operating manual)

How long were your two short tubes (yellow operating manual) and how long were your two long tubes (green operating manual)?


[ Edit ] - However, I believe I have identified the reason for the varying lengths:

The length of the PTFE tubes included with the AMS Lite unit corresponds to the dimensions of the A1 combo, specifically 730mm * 2 and 850mm * 2. However, for the A1 Mini combo, the PTFE tube specifications are 580mm * 2 and 700mm * 2. If you intend to use the AMS Lite with the A1 Mini, it is advisable to adjust the position of the tubes or cut them shorter. Excessively long tubing can elevate resistance during loading and unloading, potentially leading to false filament entanglement detection alarms.

I have 1 A1 and another A1 Mini with the older longer tubes, the 3rd mini I bought had shorter white tubes, they were nicer and more neater, but the point of this post is not to agree or disagree with the recommended AMS position but to simply imply that if your AMS is not in the right position, this will cause problems, especially with the newer version tubes, which are not as flexible as the older grey ones as well.

We all know people are not going to look a the wiki in regards to AMS positions, especially new people, and if you have an A1 mini with the newer tubes, this might be a problem.

Mind you, it’s not as though my AMS was to far from my mini either, it’s the same as my two other AMS lite machines. Putting in a new set of the original tubes, cut to length as my other two machines sorted it out, never to occur again. It’s would fail 80% of the time with bed leveling.

In regards to the lengths, my original mini has the same length tubes as my A1, it’s only the newer mini with the shorter version.

Also, going by that diagram above, my mini was closer than that with the newer tubes and it still cause the issue, I basically had to get the Ams to touch the mini before it would be reliable.

1 Like

And my long and short tubes with the short new ones were in the right order also.

Just remember, the point here is to actually describe a possible issue one can have instead of over analyzing my setup. I’ve got nine printers, I’m not new to this. I thought about this one a lot, and those new tubes imo are too short and to stiff.

1 Like

I’m out of the discussion. The most important question that would help everyone here wasn’t answered by you: how long are your tubes? That would help beginners measure it themselves.

Please bear in mind that what I post is intended for all newcomers, not just you personally. This is a forum. Newcomers read this topic. It was never only about your personal setup. However, you also ignored why the tubes are of varying lengths. I’m out here, and goodbye.

Furthermore, if you truly respected newcomers, you would value their time, use straightforward yet technically precise language, and refrain from having an AI generate lengthy novels. Half of the terms are incorrect. I have nothing against AI, but you’re not respecting users’ time.

Yeah, whatever float your boat.

The new tubes were:

Short: 60cm

Long: 71cm

Apologise if my reply offended you.

1 Like

Thank you. Apology accepted and disagreements swept aside. :+1:

Please note that I am not trying to annoy you or question your setup. I am only interested in one thing: how can newbies prevent this or recognize the problem? They can do that now. Great.

We even have the same goal. :grin: :+1:

Cheers mate, it was all I wanted as well.

1 Like

Helpful info, because of how much the ams lite is moved around during spool loading. A small issue of loading spools on the Lite and a retropective of spool ID. To me, the away from printers should be spools #1 & #2, as they are the easiest to load. Sure, color ID in Studio can create a similar situation to using the outer spools, it’s just one of those things. Suppose a case mounted spacer might be an idea. Who would make such a thing? Lol.