Yes, engraving aluminum can generate some fumes or particulate matter, particularly if the surface is coated or anodized. While bare aluminum generally produces minimal visible smoke, fine metal dust and vaporized particles may still be released, depending on the laser power and processing speed.
To ensure safe operation—especially in enclosed or poorly ventilated environments—adequate ventilation or filtration is strongly recommended. This may include an external exhaust system or an air purifier equipped with HEPA and activated carbon filters.