Anyone who has disassembled an extruder gearbox has witnessed the ground up bits of extruder gear metal dust present. I think it was worse before the new helical drive. This metal gets swept up and incorporated into the filament extruded as well as.
I’m not sure we can have a reasonable intellectual examination of the food safety of a given filament when you’ve already declared that it’s a fantasy.
For starters, if you can see meaningful amounts of metal dust in your extruder, you have much bigger problems, particularly since the gears are almost always either steel or bronze, neither of which are particularly harmful.
The next consideration is the application - you have to recognize that some applications are going to be more risky than others. A printed cutlery set are gonna be a bit riskier than, say, a fruit bowl.
We should also ask ourselves what the harm would be of some metal particles if they’re encapsulated in the print, and prior to use the user has given the print a thorough scrub?
Only if it’s lead or a lead and mercury amalgam. Next on the safety scale is if it contains polonium or other radioactive materials like cesium, depleted uranium, or other heavy metals.
Since all that other stuff is kind of hard to get, I usually just blend up carbon fiber-filled filament, sprinkle it on ice cream, and call it good. Yum!
Think of all the microplastics we already consume through plastic bottles and such.
All the plastic that is used to package our food.
The TEFLON (Dupont is an evil ■■■■■■■ company) that gets in food from cooking.
All the chemicals they put in our food to preserve it.
I wouldnt use something that is 3d printed on a regular basis. Not because of microplastics, but they are impossible to properly clean. Heat is the only way to properly sterilize and that would melt all the food safe plastics out there. I am more worried bacteria than some plastic.
There are government standards that define “food safe” in the context of a plastic. They all generally include these requirements:
Chemicals in the plastic do not migrate to the food.
Is chemically stable when exposed to food substances like acids, fats, alcohol, and heat/cold.
It is made from approved raw materials.
It meets and has been approved by a regulatory agency.
The US has FDA CFR Title 21. Europe has EU Reg EC 1935/2004. China has a few different related laws/regulations. Stricter (on paper anyway) than US or EU.
HDPE, PP and PET (when properly formulated) are accepted as food-safe in the US.
So there’s no debate about what Food Safe (China only) means, the required standards that a food safe plastic has to meet in China are public knowledge.
I think what is being asked is if it is safe to use 3D-printed anything in contact with food and drink that will be consumed by humans and unsaid but likely, pets as well. Just in contact with food and drink basically.
That answer looks like a big no to me. The abilities to shed little plastic spears and harbor bacteria, besides the possibilities some chemistry might even leach out (which we have no clue what might be in there as plasticizers, colorants, and other materials to provide various physical characteristics) or what might speed that up (acid/alkaline food/liquid, soluble in fats, etc).
So many things with low exposures over long periods of time can cause real medical issues. The older ones here probably know many examples. I lost a brother-in-law to dementia likely brought on by tire fumes and industrial cleaners over his lifetime. He’d wash his hands in one cleaner because it removed any grime he would pick up. It was great. But there’s no hard link and lots of things are like that. People just get terrible conditions and diseases and there’s certain things in their background that may or may not (likely may) have had a role.
Minimizing the exposures is known to be a great way to sidestep a lot of things. If part of that is not using a beautiful 3D print to prepare baby formula, ah well.
And of course I say all this with my printer a few feet away pumping out PLA fumes.
Heh that reminds me of this “You wake up the wallpaper is peeling, the water is boiling and the curtains are falling. What do you fix first?” Answer: None of them the house is on fire.
If I’m interpreting this correctly, this isn’t about whether it’s ‘food safe’ as most people would define it, but rather whether it is suitable for coming into contact with food. They call that ‘food contact suitability’.
So typical uses include: a scoop for dry dog food. A bowl for fruit. However, it doesn’t apply to a coffee mug that’s meant to hold liquids.