Help Understanding Filament Settings

I am having a great deal of difficulty figuring out the nuances of the filaments I purchased from Microcenter. I’ve read around quite a bit, and some filaments I’ve got to work just fine, others continue to plague me with issues… so my guess is the ones that are working now are doing so on pure luck & happenstance rather than my finally understanding.

Most of my google searches have, for the most part, been “general information” about “general 3d printing”… I’m trying to find questions for my specific printer and my specific filament… so I’m hoping someone here can help.

My first question: Is there a resource you can download settings for specific spools? I know Bambu offers an RFID option, which is alluring to think about, but the price is too off-putting for me to achieve that route, and despite reaching out to customer service, I still cannot figure out how to “activate” my “Membership” to get discounts on the filament spools, so I gave up and went to Microcenter for theirs.

My Second Question: Why do the same kinds of filament vary in nozzle/bed temps? I have Inland PLA filaments that have a “Recommended Range” of 195 to 225, and others are 215 to 230… they’re the same material, just a different color. I don’t understand.

My Final Question: When dealing with the “Temperature Range” how do you know what the sweet spot is? For example, my “Orange” is from “Overture”.

Nozzle temp range = 190 to 220
Bed Temp = 25 to 60

So, I set my first layer to 215, and it works 95% flawlessly… but occasionally, it tears and does like you see in the bottom right version of the print I’m working on.

I tried it at 210, more issues, tried it at 220, more issues. It seems silly to have to microtune to this level… leaves me to believe I am missing something very simple in this process:

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My personal best solution for filament ‘calibration’ would be OrcaSlicer. There you have several different options to properly calibration any filament that can be printed with your printer.

PS: The fine grad on temperature comes from the different composition. Even it is PLA, the additives added for the different purposes (color, etc) can result in variations of print settings.