I print now PA-CF and PAHT-CF on X1C with 0.04mm no problems , but it is a must to have Hardened still nozzle, every one recommends 0.06 but i have been using it on Prusa with 0.06 and is better for some prints and faster , but overall for my prints i prefer 0.04mm and pretty much reverted back to 0.04
I have Prusa mk3s+ done over 5000 hours and still use it almost every day in parallel to X1C well it has been updated with new extruder a few months ago . and there had been a big refresh over a year or two ago. So no such a thing that printers go out of date quickly, even our printer has all metal extruder and you can replace it if you want and a few upgrades
For X1C i do not think , that any major upgrade is needed apart from spare damaged parts any time soon , For P1S you need a hardened steel nozzle . But as it is closed system it will be more difficult to do updates with out Bambu
There are other options depending on the budget and requirements , if you do not intend to use AMS i would look at Prusa MK4, if you have a big budget i would look something like Utimaker S5/S7 Pro bundle. If you want AMS and CF and reasonable quality price X1C i would not go with P1S as a first Bambu printer , P1S with AMS for first only if really tighter budget
Note: that X1C and P1S are not faster for most materials than any other printer with high flow nozzle and good print speed . So the speed should not be a factor in your decision . My Prusa currently prints the same speed as the X1C for almost all materials apart from PLA , and that is not the Mk4 which is improved