Source of the information, writings, and videos: Janis Andersons
Support-free horizontal overhangs are typically seen as impossible on typical 3D printers, but that limit comes from how slicers plan toolpaths rather than from anything the printer cannot physically do. In this video, I explain how wave overhangs work - a path-planning strategy where the extrusion grows inward as a wave so each bead anchors to the one before it - and use microscope footage and animations to show why the material holds in open air. The result is an open-access paper and two open-source slicer forks that let you print 90 degree overhangs without supports on a standard FDM printer.
